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The operation of a pressure control valve is based mainly on a balance between pressure and a mechanical load, e.g. a spring force biased against the oil pressure.

The valve can assume various positions between fully closed and fully open conditions depending on the flow and pressure differential.

A pressure control valve performs the following functions:

• Limiting maximum system pressure as a safety measure
• Regulating/reducing pressure in certain portions of the circuit
• Unloading system pressure
• Assisting sequential operation of actuators in a circuit with pressure control
• Any other pressure related function by virtue of pressure control

Pressure control valves are used to control and regulate pressure in fluid power systems. They are often globe-shaped and designed with flanged ends to allow for ease of maintenance. The valve is smaller than the line in which it is attached. This design feature prevents the valve from throttling, which would cause the seat to wear too quickly. In hydraulic systems pressure regulators are used to unload the system and to maintain and regulate pressure at the desired values.

Types of Pressure Control Valves
Pressure Regulators- Pressure regulators keep the output pressure at a set value. Pressure regulators control pressure in lines (usually adjustable) to remove fluctuations and maintain consistent pressure.

Counter-Balance Valves- Counter-balance valves, also called load holding valves or over-center valves, are normally located between a directional control valve and the outlet of a vertically mounted actuating cylinder that must support weight or be held in position for a period of time. The counter-balance valve serves as hydraulic resistance to the actuating cylinder.

Sequence Valves- Sequence valves control the sequence of operation between two branches of a circuit. They enable one unit to automatically set another unit into motion.

Uploading Valves- The main application of an unloading valve is to unload a pump and save energy when the flow is not required. There are both hydraulic and pneumatic applications. Pressure control valves can handle a wide range of media including air and gaseous materials; fuel, gas and oil; liquids, steam and hydraulic fluids.

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